First record of Gracilaria phuquocensis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) in the East Sea of Vietnam
Author affiliations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/21799Keywords:
Ecology, Genetic variation, Red algae, Seaweed, Southeast Asia, TropicAbstract
The red algal genus Gracilaria is an important biomaterial for its use in seaweed vegetable and agar industry in Southeast Asia. However, due to the morphological plasticity, the taxonomy and distribution of flattened Gracilaria species remain understudied. Gracilaria phuquocensis N.H.Le, N.Muangmai & G.C.Zuccarello is one of the flattened species described for specimens in the Phu Quoc Islands, Vietnam. Our study aimed to provide morphological details and ecology, and to analyze mitochondrial COI-5P and plastid rbcL sequences of recent collections at My Hoa, Ninh Thuan province. The COI-5P, first generated in G. phuquocensis in the present study, was identical to the sequence from Malaysia. Plastid rbcL sequence divergence of specimens from Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand as well as Vietnam was 0–0.5%, a value similar to intraspecific divergence in Gracilaria species. This result indicates the broad distribution of
G. phuquocensis across Southeast Asian waters. Our study provides an intriguing issue for further study on the origin and dispersal of G. phuquocensis in Southeast Asia.
Downloads
References
Boo G. H., Leliaert F., Le Gall L., Coppenjans E., De Clerck O., Nguyen V. T., Payri C. E., Miller K. A., Yoon H. S., 2022. Ancient Tethyan vicariance and long-distance dispersal drive global diversification and cryptic speciation in the red seaweed Pterocladiella. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13: 849476. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls. 2022.849476
Dumilag R. V., Liao L. M., Kato A., Brodie J., Muangmai N., 2024. New record of Gracilaria phuquocensis (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Philippines. PhytoKeys, 241: 169–176. https://doi.org/ 10.3897/phytokeys.241.123302
Do T. P. Thao, Hanh H. Tran, Tuan N. Ngoc, An D. Le, 2023. Using remote sensing data to monitor upwelling in coastal of Ninh Thuan - Binh Thuan period 2015−2022. Journal of Geodesy and Cartography 58: 41−48. https://doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2023. 58.708
Fredericq S., Hommersand M. H., 1989. Proposal of the Gracilariales ord. nov. (Rhodophyta) based on an analysis of the reproductive development of Gracilaria verrucosa. Journal of Phycology, 25: 213–227.
Freshwater D. W., Rueness J., 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of some European Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species, based on rbcL nucleotide sequence analysis. Phycologia, 33: 187–194. https://doi.org/10.2216/ i0031-8884-33-3-187.1
Gurgel C. F. D., Fredericq S., 2004. Systematics of the Gracilariaceae (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta): a critical assessment based on rbcL sequence analysis. Journal of Phycology, 40: 138–159.
Guiry M. D., Guiry G. M., 2024, AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, University of Galway. https://www.algae-base.org. [accessed 26/08/2024].
Kim K. M., Nguyen V. T., Lee M. S., Boo S. M., 2022. Common Seaweeds from Vietnam. Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seochon, pp. 150.
Kim M. S., Kim S. Y., Nelson W., 2010. Symphyocladia lithophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new Korean red algal species based on morphology and rbcL sequences. Botanica Marina, 53: 233–241. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2010.031
Le N. H., Nguyen H. D., 2006. Contribution to the study of Gracilaria and relative general (Gracilariales - Rhodophyta) from Vietnam. Coastal Marine Science, 30(1): 214−221.
Le N. H., Muangmai N., Kheauthong S., Sun Z., Zuccarello G. C., 2019. Gracilaria phuquocensis sp. nov., a new flattened Gracilaria species (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta), previously recognized as G. mammillaris, from the Southern Coast of Vietnam. Phycological Research, 68:
50–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/pre.12394
Lewmanomont K., Chirapart A., 2004. Additional records of Gracilaria from Thailand. In: Taxonomy of economic seaweed with reference to some Pacific species, vol. 9 (Ed. by I.A. Abbott). California Sea Grant College, La Jolla, pp. 201–210.
Lobban C. S., Harrison P. J., 1994. Seaweed Ecology and Physiology. Cambridge University Press, pp. 366.
Muangmai N., Zuccarello G. C., Noiraksa T., Lewmanomont, K., 2014. A new flat Gracilaria: Gracilaria lantaensis sp. nov. (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) from the Andaman coast of Thailand. Phycologia, 53: 137−145. https://doi.org/10.2216/13-215.1
Nguyen M. L., Kim M. S., Nguyen N. N. T., Nguyen X. T., Cao V. L., Nguyen X. V., Vieira C., 2023. Marine floral biodiversity, threats, and conservation in Vietnam: An updated review. Plants, 12(9): 1862. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091862
Nguyen V. T., 2013. Seasonal variation of economic seaweed at Bai No, Ha Tien, Kien Giang province. Academia Journal of Biology, 35(3se): 34–40
Nguyen V. T., Le N. H., Lin S. M., Steen F., De Clerck O., 2013. Checklist of the marine macroalgae of Vietnam. Botanica Marina, 56(3): 207−227.
Nguyen V. T., Boo S. M., 2020. Distribution patterns and biogeography of Sargassum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) along the coast of Vietnam. Botanica Marina, 63(5): 463-468. https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0082
Nguyen V. T., Luong T. D., Le T. T., Lee D. S., Moon M., Kim K. Y., Tran B. T., Woo J., 2024. Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the red alga, Gracilaria eucheumatoides Harvey 1860 (Gracilariales: Gracilariaceae) from Vietnam. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources, 9: 1196−1200. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2024.2399925
Ohno M., Terada R., Yamamoto H., 1999. The Species of Gracilaria from Vietnam. In Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with Reference to Some Pacific Species Vol. 7. Abbott, I.A., Ed., California Sea Grant College System: La Jolla, CA, USA, pp. 99–111.
Pham H. H., 1969. Marine Algae of South Vietnam. Sai Gon study Center: Ministry of Education and Youth, pp. 558. (In Vietnamese).
Pham H. H., 1985. Plants of Phu Quoc Island. Ho Chi Minh Publishing House. pp. 188. (In Vietnamese).
Saunders G. W., Moore T. E., 2013. Refinements for the amplification and sequencing of red algal DNA barcode and RedToL phylogenetic markers: a summary of current primers, profiles and strategies. Algae, 28(1): 31−43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.031
Tamura K., Nei M., 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 10: 512−526.
Tamura K., Stecher G., Kumar S., 2021. MEGA 11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
Torres P., Santos J. P., Chow F., and Santos D. Y. A. C., 2019. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, bioactivity potential, and chemical diversity of the genus Gracilaria (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Algal Research, 37: 288−306. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.algal.2018.12.009
Yao Y., Wang C., 2021. Variation in summer marine heatwaves in the South China Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research: Ocean 126: e2021JC017792. https://doi.org/ 10.1029/2021JC017792
Yang M. Y., Kim M. S., 2015. Molecular analyses for identification of the Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) from the Asia–Pacific region. Genes & Genomics, 37: 775–787. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13258-015-0306-1
Wang X., Guo M., Yan S., Wang Y., Sun Z., Xia B. & Wang G., 2023. Diversity of Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) in China: an integrative morphological and molecular assessment including a description of Gracilaria tsengii sp. nov. Algal Research, 71: 103074.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tu Van Nguyen, Nguyen Xuan Vinh, Nguyen T. H. Tran, Le Thi Trang, Hoang Van Duong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Academia Journal of Biology (AJB) is an open-access and peer-reviewed journal. The articles published in the AJB are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits for immediate free access to the articles to read, download, copy, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), and without subscription charges or registration barriers. The full details of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License are available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
